The Psychology of Mean Girls - 1339 Words

The Psychology of Mean Girls Mean Girls, ironically my favorite movie, in my opinion clearly and comically depicts the misconceptions and stereotypes that are perceived by society of early adolescents. Stanley Hall characterized adolescence as a time of â€Å"storm and stress† and this negative image has stuck with society. As we’ve learned and discussed in class, Sigmund Freud took the concept of storm and stress a step further and developed his stages of psychosocial development but saw adolescence as a time when major conflicts were already solved. . Anna Freud continued researching the same concepts as her father, and viewed the absence of storm and stress as a sign of a serious psychological problem in adolescent development. The stereotype of adolescence as a stage of â€Å"storm and stress†, or as labeled in society today, a time of moody, acne-laden teenagers, teenagers with raging hormones, or a time of rebellion and conflict with parents, some even considering teenagers a threat t o adult tranquility. That being said, those are only a couple of the many stereotypes that are depicted in the film Mean Girls. Mark Water’s teen comedy film Mean girls is a rather exaggerated film eluding to the portrayal of adolescent behavior is modern society, particularly focusing on how female high school social cliques work and the effect that it has on other girls with characters such as Regina George, Cady Heron, Gretchen Wieners, Aaron Samuels, and Janis Ian. Mean Girls is anShow MoreRelatedMean Girls And Developmental Psychology Essay1808 Words   |  8 Pages MEAN GIRLS AND DEVELOPEMTAL PSYCHOLOGY Chinonyerem Onuoha Texas Women’s University Mean Girls and Developmental Psychology Introduction The film that I chose to do was the movie Mean Girls. This movie is filled with many funny characters and an amusing plot, but even though this movie has earned the crown of being the official â€Å"chick flick† it has a lot of psychological concepts that people really do not realize. However, when you really think about it, the movie hasRead MoreMean Girls Movie Review/ Personality Psychology Essay1576 Words   |  7 PagesMovie Review- Mean Girls Brooke Millett Sheridan College Personality and how we behave have been of much interest to psychologists for a long time now and because of this there have been many theories and theorists that have been developed. Personality is defined as consistent behavior patterns and intrapersonal processes originating within and individual (Fritzley, 2012, p. 10). There are six main approaches to personality psychology they include: biological approach, humanistic approach,Read MorePsychology Movie Report1126 Words   |  5 PagesIntro of Psychology course, I learned many concepts that relate to the real world and what we do in our everyday life. The psychology concept that I learned was social psychology. Social psychology is the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate it to one another. We can relate to social psychology because we interact with others daily. We understand the behavior of our friends and families individually when in a social concept. The prime examples of social psychology are in- groupRead MoreInequality Young People with Disabilities Experience in Leisure Activities1724 Words   |  7 Pagesdisciplinary approaches can be applied, and in this case psychology and sociology will be explored. More specifically psychology and how body image and cyber bullying can impact leisure participation, along with sociology, which gives an insight into gendered leisure and social class. This essay will explore inequality and will be achieved by critically examining 5 young people with disabilities on a trip to The Melbourne Cup. By applying psychology and sociology disciplines to the hypothetical studyRead MoreMean Girls Behavioral Analysis Essay760 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Mean Girls† Behavioral Analysis The movie â€Å"Mean Girls†, featuring Lindsay Lohan and Tina Fey, is a comedic film about a girl in high school who has to deal with all the problems, pressures, and choices of growing up in American society in comparison to that of being homeschooled in Africa. This motion picture was the perfect platform for showcasing various types of behavioral psychology. When Cady first moves from Africa to attend a public school she is a nice, innocent, respectful teenage girlRead MoreGender Inequality And Its Impact On Children s Developmental Essay1396 Words   |  6 Pagesis prevalent and easily recognizable. Like racial inequality; gender inequality is also a real issue in America. Gender stereotypes are perpetuated throughout our lifetime beginning when we are children. Early on, children learn what is means to be a boy or girl from societal standards. Children begin to suffer from the boys versus girl’s mentality which is evident in the social behavior of children. Child ren’s stereotypical thinking about gender is manifested through their acceptance of gender rolesRead MoreFeminism : A Studies Of Feminism1559 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism 6 Running Head: PSYCHOLOGY STUDIES:A STUDIES OF FEMINISM PSYCHOLOGY STUDIES: A STUDIES OF FEMINISM CUIYI P. Student Pasadena City College Feminism 1 Psychology Studies: a Studies of Feminism What Does it Means to Run Like a Girl 21th Century Earlier Centuries Feminism became a hot topic in 21th century, but anyone know what is Feminism means? Definition on Macmillan Dictionary says, Feminism is the belief that women should have the sameRead MoreHow Media Affects Self Image1232 Words   |  5 Pagesthing as a perfect body. Every person is different and there can be no â€Å"perfect†. Being skinny is not the thing to strive for, but rather being healthy is. In this decade, women are constantly looking at models, T.V. shows and Instagram photos of girls that are stick-thin, or just very skinny, and they think that this is the way we as women in society must look. The problem is by excessively looking at these photos or T.V. shows, women become self-conscious, obsessive, unhealthy and simply unhappyRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder And Developmental Psychology Essay1536 Words   |  7 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Psychology Developmental psychology is a scientific approach that focuses on the ways in which individuals change and evolve across their lifespan, beginning with birth and ending in death. This specific study of the mind and behavior tends to concentrate on the time period from birth to adolescence because this is when the majority of development occurs. This branch of psychology revolves around various types of changes, including behavioral, culturalRead MorePsychology Is The Science Or Study Of The Thought Process And Behavior Of Humans And Other Animals907 Words   |  4 PagesPsychology is the science or study of the thought process and behavior of humans and other animals by their interactions with the environment.(The Columbia Encyclopedia,2015) Studying sense perception, thinking, learning, cognition, emotions and motivation, personality, abnormal behavior, interactions between themselves and the environment are all vital to the interpretation of Psychology.(The Columbia Encyclopedia, 2015) With the formulation of the Hypothesis, based on casual observations, a systematic

The Difference Between Dragonflies and Damselflies

No other insects symbolize summer quite like the group of colorful, primitive-looking predatory insects we generally call dragonflies. In the late summer garden, they resemble tiny animal fighter jets, fierce-looking but also beautiful and fascinating.   In reality, these members of the insect order Odonata include not only the true dragonflies but also a closely related group known as damselflies. The order includes roughly 5,900 species, of which about 3,000 are dragonflies (suborder  Epiprocta, infraorder  Anisoptera), and about 2,600  are damselflies (suborder  Zygoptera). Dragonflies and damselflies are both predatory flying insects that look primitive and ancient because they are: fossil records show prehistoric species that are quite similar to modern species, although considerably larger. Modern dragonflies and damselflies are most prevalent in tropical regions, but some species can be found in almost every part of the world except for the polar regions.   Physical Characteristics Taxonomists divide the  Odonata  into three suborders:  Zygoptera, the damselflies;  Anisoptera, the dragonflies; and  Anisozygoptera, a group somewhere in between the two. However, the  Anisozygoptera  suborder includes only two living species found in India and Japan, which are rarely encountered by most people. Dragonflies and damselflies are often confused with one another because they  share many characteristics, including membranous wings, large eyes, slender bodies, and small antennae.  But there are also clear differences  between dragonflies and damselflies, outlined in the table below. In general, dragonflies are studier, thicker-bodied insects, while damselflies have longer, thinner bodies. Once the obvious differences  are learned—eyes, body, wings, and resting position—most people find it fairly easy to identify the insects  and tell them apart. More serious students of the odonates may want to examine the subtle differences in wing cells and abdominal appendages. Both dragonflies and damselflies are seen in a wide range of sizes and colors. Colors may be dull or brightly metallic hues of greens and blues. Damselflies have the widest range of sizes, with wingspans ranging from about 3/4 inch (19  mm) in some species to 7 1/2 inches (19 cm) in larger species. Some fossil Odonata ancestors have wingspans of more than 28 inches. Life Cycle Dragonflies and damselflies lay their eggs in or near water. Hatched larvae go through a series of molts as they grow, and begin predatory feeding on the larvae of other insects and on small aquatic animals as they move toward the adult stage. The Odonata larvae themselves also serve as an important food source for fish, amphibians, and birds. Larval dragonflies and damselflies reach adulthood in as little as three  weeks or as long as eight years, depending on species. They go through no pupal stage, but near the end of the larval stage, the insects begin to develop wings, which emerge as useable flight organs after the last molt of the larval stage. The adult flying stage, which can last as long as nine  months, is marked by predatory feeding on other insects, mating, and finally laying eggs in water or moist, boggy areas. During the adult stage, dragonflies and damselflies are largely immune to predators, except for some birds. Not only do these insects pose no danger to humans, but they consume large quantities of mosquitoes, gnats, and other biting insects. Dragonflies and damselflies are visitors we should welcome to our gardens.   Differences Between Dragonflies and Damselflies Characteristic Dragonfly Damselfly Eyes Most have eyes that touch, or nearly touch, at the top of the head Eyes are clearly separated, usually appearing to each side of the head Body Usually stocky Usually long and slender Wing Shape Dissimilar wing pairs, with hind wings broader at the base All wings similar in shape Position at Rest Wings held open, horizontally or downwards Wings held closed, usually over the abdomen Discal Cell Divided into triangles Undivided, quadrilateral Male Appendages Pair of superior anal appendages, single inferior appendage Two pairs of anal appendages Female Appendages Most have vestigial ovipositors Functional ovipositors Larvae Breathe through rectal tracheal gills; stocky bodies Breathe through caudal gills; slender bodies

Computer Technology’s Effect on the Practice of Nursing Essay

Computer Technology’s Effect on the Practice of Nursing Susanne Swisher Facilitator: Jeannie Short NUR 224: Nursing Informatics September 23, 2007 Plagiarism Statement I have read and understand the plagiarism policy as outlined in the University Bulletin and this module as it relates to the IWU Honesty/Cheating Policy. By affixing this statement, I certify that I have not cheated or plagiarized in the process of completing this assignment. If it is found that cheating and/or plagiarism have taken place, I understand that the consequences of this action may include expulsion from Indiana Wesleyan University. Susanne Swisher Date Computer Technology’s Effect on the Practice of Nursing The practice of nursing is†¦show more content†¦For example, at Grandview Hospital, to complete intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy documentation, information is charted in the narrative and in a tabled chart on the back of the nursing documentation sheet, which is initiated with triage on arrival. Deese and Stein (2004) say that with the emerging process of electronic medical records (EMRs) nurses are not just â€Å"delivering direct patient care, nurses are also ‘knowledge workers’ in that they must accurately record, interpret, and act on a voluminous amount of data every day.† (p. 336) Triage nurses in the Emergency Department (ED) are required to observe and interpret their clinical findings making the decision to place a patient on the Pneumonia Carepath (a standard of care approved by a panel of ED physicians and nurses) to initiate care rapidly, for instance. Currently, Grandview ED is using hand-written nurse charting and physician orders; however, within a year on-line computer charting and computerized physician order entry (CPOE) is scheduled. CareCast provides bed- and patient-tracking, assigns medical record and account numbers, and provides billing functions. SunQuest accessed through CareCast gives lab and x-ray test results and imaging. LogicCare integrates with CareCast for computer prescription writing and documentation. Grandview is part of the Kettering Health Network, which includes Kettering Medical Center, Sycamore Medical Center, and Southview Hospital. TheShow MoreRelatedGopnik Turkle essay Robotic and emotions1230 Words   |  5 Pageshow children and adults perceive things. At the same time in Sherry Turkle’s â€Å"Alone Together† we are shown how growing technology affects are views on reality. When one combines the ideas of both Turkle and Gopnik, they see a correlation between technology’s growing influence and the rat e at which your view of reality changes. Turkle reveals how a gap in age might affect a changing view of reality. During a trip to the American Museum of Natural History with her daughter Rebecca, they encounter theRead MoreThe Information Behavior Of The Elderly6585 Words   |  27 Pagesnever used or had little experience with computers would be left out of the impending (now long passed) â€Å"information revolution.† This led older Americans to be classified as â€Å"information have-nots† by Schwartz in 1988. In 1986, Dr. Mary Furlong founded SeniorNet, a program designed to support seniors using technology. Dr. Furlong opened five learning centers in California equipped with computers donated by Apple Inc. Today SeniorNet is still providing computer education to seniors through traditionalRead MoreThe Origin And Effects Of Medication Errors6258 Words   |  26 PagesThe Origin and Effects of Medication Errors In Healthcare Introduction/Statement of Problem Medication errors have contributed to healthcare issues and created problematic discrepancies affecting costs, safety issues, qualitative concerns, and economic effects. This review will provide the background, rationale, and the overview of multiple issues causing medication errors. Issues contributing to negative effects of the health system will be identified including how specific issues affect patientsRead MoreTechnology And Change Management Paper2044 Words   |  9 Pagesthe change. This paper will discuss the best practices used in the health care industry related to electronic tracking, how the industry adapts to the technology and change management issues, and identifies how best practices are used in other industries to meet todays changing environment. Best Practices in Healthcare The health care industry has adaptedRead More The New Hazardous Waste: Electronic Waste Essay2802 Words   |  12 Pageslife. Computers and the use of the internet has created a global network in which people half-way across the globe from each other can communicate and share information instantaneously. In 1965 Gordon Moore, one of the founding members of the Intel corporation, observed and proclaimed that the processing power of computers was doubling every 18 months. Labeled as Moore’s Law, this trend continues to this day. This law and the mindset that everyone needs the newest fastest sharpest computer has createdRead MoreThe Aging Population Of America9973 Words   |  40 PagesFinally, aging in place is tied to a sense of identity, linked to independence and autonomy. Many expressed a desire to remain in their own homes, linked to a sense of independence and autonomy. Many times this was as much about not wanting to be in a nursing home or institution, where it was perceived that autonomy might be lost, as about remaining in the same place (Wiles, et. al., 2011). The majority of the aging population, says that they want to stay in their home as long as possible as they getRead MoreUnderstanding Telehealth Section 1 : Modalities / Models High Risk7098 Words   |  29 Pagespatients in between appointments. This amazing evolution of high-risk obstetrical care is currently underway and is expected to change drastically in the future years with the anticipation that obstetrical societies and authorities will endorse certain practices for clinical reliability. There are a number of different ways to incorporate telehealth in high-risk obstetrics. Each of these modalities can be used to consult, diagnose, treat, and educate. First and foremost, these modalities all play a commonRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesrace, debates over nuclear power as a major energy source, and the communications revolution made possible by computer technologies that did so much to shape the cold war standoff between the Soviet and American superpowers and the transition to a new century and millennium. 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As detailed in our proxy statement, we made a number of changes to our executive compensation and governance practices to reflect industry best practices, as suggested by our shareholders. We listen carefully to the views of our investors on executive compensation and corporate governance. In an effort to increase the number of our Board members who have expertise as institutional

Commercial and Corporation Law Administration Corporation

Question: Describe about the Commercial and Corporation Law for Administration Corporation. Answer: Generally it is seen, that function of the directors of a corporation is to administer the administration of the business for the benefit of the members of the corporation. Basically, they are the agents who are working for their shareholders. The authority to supervise the business is given to the directors by the companys constitution, articles or by-laws. Directors owe a number of duties and obligations. The duties may vary from different jurisdictions in which the parent company has its subsidiary, such as (Paolini, 2014): Obligation to behave in a truthful manner: The obligation to act truthfully means that the Board of Directors should make decisions for the fulfillment of the interest of the corporation and for a reason. Therefore they must: Not make wrongful use of their position and should not get personal benefits fulfilled Not use the information of the corporation for personal benefit or in a harmful manner Reveal all the conflicts of the Company and also should avoid them (Heller, 2014). The Corporations Act allows a companys constitution to include a provision to assist with subsidiary director duties(S 187). It states that the managers of a subsidiary corporation should act to serve best benefits to the corporation when: The organization of the company specifically makes a provision for the director to take action in the finest welfare of the Parent Corporation, Director behaves truthfully, etc. Obligation to apply ability and mind: It requires each director to take concern and be practical in performing their job. Directors must: Act diligently and with reasonable skill and care Perform their role to the best of their ability based on their Knowledge and experience Familiarize themselves with the company and its activities, and Monitor the companys financial and commercial Performance (Marshall and Ramsay, 2012). Directors are expected to perform their role with an amount of carefulness that a sensible individual in a similar place would Exercise in similar circumstances. This will depend on the Size and activities of the company. Directors must understand the company and its activities and actively monitor its performance (Heller, 2014). Obligation not to do trade when insolvent: The duty not to trade while insolvent is a specific Requirement which is usually classified as a subset of the responsibility to work out concern and skill, because it requires directors to turn their minds apply their skills to assessing the monetary place of the subsidiary. A corporation is considered bankrupt if it fails to pay its unpaid sum, when they fall unpaid. If a company becomes insolvent and Continues to trade, the directors can be held personally liable for debts incurred. To protect themselves, and meet their Obligations, directors should satisfy themselves at all times, when the business is capable to reimburse its sum unpaid as they fall due. This is usually straightforward for holding companies that do not trade, but for trading companies it requires diligent monitoring (Heller, 2014). In Australia, directors are obligatory to make a statement that the business is solvent at least once each year. Directors should not make a solvency declaration until they have made proper inquiries and satisfied themselves that the company is indeed solvent. The company must keep sufficient monetary account to record it correctly, clarify connections and performance. The Director may be in breach of his duties if he fails to take all the important steps for the fulfillment. In the case of (In Liq) v McGee (1993) 11 ACSR 260 per Anderson J (at 289) it has been upheld that there are some situations where a manager is in the place of certain authority and control. The power includes the simple revelation of any clash among the attention and responsibility which refrain from appointment. This is inadequate to convince a managers responsibility. The manager may also be under a constructive obligation to take steps to defend the corporations concern such as by using such authority and pressure as he had to stop the deal from going away. Payment of Dividends rests within the sound prudence and company opinion of the Board. Shareholders of the corporation have no right to dividends even if sufficient finances are available within the company (Elliott, 2016). There are some responsibilities of the directors regarding the payment of dividends. They have the authority to state that dividends are special to the board and must be exercised by the Board as intact. A statement of dividend basically requires the board to take on a declaration authorizing the expense of dividend. Once the dividends have been declared in a lawful manner to its members then, the board may not cancel it or hold back the allocation of the said dividend without the consent of each such shareholder. In order to determine the entitlement of shareholders to receive the payment of dividends, the board of directors may fix a date of record. In doing so, the board announces that the payment of dividends will be made on the date specified for payment to all the shareholders who are listed on the corporations books. The shareholders of the corporation may be listed in the books as owners as of the close of business on the date of record. If the board fails to mention specifically the date of record then the code fixes the date of such determination (Heller, 2014). Dividends must be approved by the companys directors, who are responsible for ensuring that the company is able to pay the dividend. Before approving a dividend, directors should review the companys balance sheet and cash flows and satisfy themselves that (Keay, 2007). The corporations assets have increased its liabilities Just and sensible expense of dividends The sum of the dividend would not significantly intolerant for the ability of the corporation to pay off its creditors (Government Institute of Australia, 2014). As per the case of Sumiseki Materials Co Ltd v Wambo Coal Pty Ltd [2014] NSWSCA 326 it was held that it is the rights of the shareholders to be given set and obligatory dividends from the earnings of the corporation in situations where the companys constitution has been amended to account for such. This is different from the traditional approach where a shareholders expectation of receiving a dividend is limited by the will of the board of directors (HopgoodGanim, 2014). The payment of dividends is an issue of major concern to the directors. The manner in which the accounting standards are currently developing means that it is possible for the company to have a reported profit which is low but still have significant available cash from which the dividends can be paid. This can lead to a significant intensity of reported income, even though the worth of the intangible asset and hence the superseding market value of the corporation has both improved. Under these situations, the current dividend rules mean that a company can only make a distribution to shareholders by seeking court approval for a return of capital (Odorisio, Davies and Clements, 2015). Shareholders of the company are entitled to some rights under the Act. As per Section 232 of the Act it has been clearly stated that, Minority shareholders are provided with some supplementary privileges and remedies because of their apparent exposure. (Tomasic, Bottomley, and McQueen,2002). The additional rights which are being given to the members of the company include the rights to ratify a breach done by the Directors of the company (Janssen, 2016). Ratification has the effect of excusing a breach done by the companys officer but it considers the concern of the creditors of the company (Australian Institute of Company Directors, 2013). There are a number of remedies which are given to the members of the company under the Corporations Act (Hannigan, 2012). Remedies include: Oppression Remedy: Section 232 of the Act states that this remedy is designed to give the minority shareholders with a remedy which is enforceable against the corporation for the conduct that may have been prejudicial to the interest of the minority shareholders (Boyle, 2002). There are certain situations which gives rise to the oppressive conduct (Brockett, 2012). The situations include: Honest prevailing conditions of the case; Accusation of injustice due to Substantial behavior; Behavior of the members of the corporation; Force of the suspected work on the interest of minority shareholders (Victorian Law Reform Commission, 2016). In the similar case of Foss v Harbottle, it was held that there was misappropriation of assets of the business therefore the directors have to compensate. Section 233 describes the types of remedies which are available to the litigants and are extensive such as: Injunction; The statutory injunction, s 1324 a restriction is one of the temporary remedy required by ASIC or an artificial member if a business action breach the law. Conduct that can trigger this is: Any breach of the Corporations Act Aiding and abetting the infringement Suggesting another to disregard Involved in a contravention or Conspiring with others in a contravention. Winding up Order; Winding up the company, s Court can order winding up by many ways. For example: The corporation has resolved by resolution to wind up. The business does not begin trade within one year of its registration. Managers should not act in the wellbeing of the members as whole. The dealings of the corporation have been conducted oppressively, through an act or omission. The company is insolvent and it is in the interests of the public, members or creditors that it should be wound up. Modification of companys constitution and injunctions. In the case of Cumberland Holdings Ltd v Washington H Soul Pattinson Co Ltd (1977) 13 ALR 561 it was held that: to wind up a flourishing and wealthy corporation which is correctly managed must need a strong case to be made against it by the party to the suit. Statutory Derivative Action (S. 236): Majority of the members of the corporations initiatives for the changes of the government to the Act. Under it, reply to the apparent lacunas of the pre-existing remedies wherein the corporation was not willing or was not capable to Act. It provides the members of the corporation with an action against the corporation whereby the actions are brought in the name of the company. Therefore, the action of the derivatives has proven to be a booming initiative in both state and courts (Bottomley, 2016). In addition members of the corporation have some personal rights that they can practice against the corporation. The right to be paid dividends Dividends are payments potentially made out of company profit to the shareholders according to the number of shares held. The assets test to pay profits, S254TA Company must not pay a dividend unless: (a) The companys assets exceed its liabilities immediately before the dividend is declared and the excess is sufficient for the payment of the dividend; and (b) The payment of the dividend is fair and reasonable to the companys shareholders as a whole; and (c) The payment of the dividend does not materially prejudice the companys ability to pay its creditors. Members statutory remedies Section 232 and 233 allows the members of the company to apply to the court for giving an order under the act if the affairs of the company are being conducted against the benefit of the members of the company. Also includes the acts which are oppressive and unfair against the members of the corporation in the same ability or other ability (Victortse Associates, 2016). The statutory framework for oppressive conduct In Australia, the applicable governmental guards are mentioned in Part 2F.1 of the Act which gives the court authority to help the investor if it thinks that: a) The behavior of the corporations relationships; b) A real or anticipated do something or error by or on behalf of a corporation; or c) A declaration, or planned declaration, of members or a class of members of a company, is either: Opposing the wellbeing of the members as whole; or Unfair to, unfairly harmful to, or biased beside, a member whether in that ability or in any other ability (Latimer, 2012). It is advised to Mr. Walter that as the directors have refused to meet the members, therefore it is clearly the breach of Duty of the director. In the case of Daniels v Anderson (1995) 37 NSWLR 438 it was upheld that under the corporations Act 2001, the Directors are subject to a number of responsibilities which they should perform. The responsibilities include the duty of the common law to behave with due care, skill and diligence. Therefore, it is clearly that violation of responsibility, which was done on part of the managers of the corporation. Section 180 of the Act also describe that there are statutory duties of the Directors to do something truthfully which helps to serve in the best concern of the corporation for a reason. The behavior will have the directors to avoid any conflict of interest and any abuse of position in order to obtain any personal advantage (CCH Australia Limited, 2011). Therefore, it can be said that although the interest of the creditors must be considered as the corporation is the property of the shareholders. But there is no rule that in such cases of solvency or other matters the interest of the creditors is paramount. They may be paramount in some situations but there is no rule that requires this conclusion. So till the time the director is fulfilling the duties which are defined above in the favor of the corporation and not for personal benefit. The director can do such acts and perform for the company. It is ultimately the court which decides as to the remedies which can be applicable or not. Under section 232 and 233 the court consider different situations under which it thinks that it is in the position to find out the situation under which company get claim to the court (French and Stewart, 2016). Although it is clearly written in the situation that the director refused the members for help so it has violated its duty. Therefore, Mr. Walter and his friends are entitling to compensation for the same as Directors have failed in fulfilling their duty. References: Australian Institute of Company Directors. (2013).Enhancing the rights of shareholders. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://www.companydirectors.com.au/Director-Resource-Centre/Publications/Company-Director-magazine/2013-back-editions/May/Directors-Counsel-Enhancing-the-rights-of-shareholders. Bottomley, S. (2016). The Constitutional Corporation: Rethinking Corporate Governance. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=FvLOCwAAQBAJdq=remedies+of+shareholders+under+corporation+act+2001source=gbs_navlinks_s. Boyle, A.J. (2002). Minority Shareholders' Remedies.2. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=E081u9IcarQCdq=cases+related+to+shareholders+remedies++in+australiasource=gbs_navlinks_s. Brockett, R. (2012). The Valuation of Minority Shareholdings in an Oppression Context A Contemporary Review. Bond Law Review. 24.2. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/BondLawRw/2012/10.pdf. CCH Australia Limited. (2011). Australian Corporations Securities Legislation 2011: Corporations Act 2001, ASIC Act 2001, related regulations. 1. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=uMspq6WTSIMCdq=can+the+director+make+decisions+under+corporations+act+of+australiasource=gbs_navlinks_s. Elliott, R.(2016). Payment of Dividends under the Corporations Act 2001. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://www.companydirectors.com.au/director-resource-centre/policy-on-director-issues/policy-submissions/2002/payment-of-dividends-under-the-corporations-act-2001. French, K. and Stewart, A. (2016). Oppressed minority shareholders and appropriate relief - Is winding up a solvent company an extreme step. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://www.holdingredlich.com.au/dispute-resolution-litigation/oppressed-minority-shareholders-and-appropriate-relief-is-winding-up-a-solvent-company-an-extreme-step. Government Institute of Australia. (2014).Guidelines for Directors of wholly-owned subsidiary companies. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://www.governanceinstitute.com.au/media/656514/govinst_guidelines_whollyownedsubsidiary_2014.pdf. Hannigan, B. (2012). Company Law. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=vsIyc8PSG-UCdq=remedies+of+shareholders+under+corporation+act+2001source=gbs_navlinks_s. Heller, R.M. (2014). Have Directors Improperly Refused to Declare a Dividend. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://www.hellerlaw.com/Directors_Improperly_Refused_to_Declare_a_Dividend.html. HopgoodGanim. (2014). HG Corporate Advisory Governance Alert: Dividend payments not just at the directors discretion. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://www.hopgoodganim.com.au/page/Publications/HG_Corporate_Advisory_Governance_Alert_Dividend_payments_%25E2%2580%2593_not_just_at_the_director%25E2%2580%2599s_discretion_-_19_February_2015/?utm_source=Mondaqutm_medium=syndicationutm_campaign=LinkedIn-integratio. Janssen, P. (2016). Minority Shareholders have the right not to be oppressed. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://corporatefirst.com.au/minority-shareholders-have-the-right-not-to-be-oppressed/. Keay, A. (2007). Company Directors' Responsibilities to Creditors. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=zfuNAgAAQBAJdq=remedies+of+shareholders+under+corporation+act+2001source=gbs_navlinks_s. Latimer, P. (2012). Australian Business Law. Retrieved on 6th September, 2016 from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qOLW-XTET0MCdq=remedies+of+shareholders+under+corporation+act+2001source=gbs_navlinks_s. Marshall, S. and Ramsay, I. (2012). 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